Ethereum Classic

avoid.net/ethereum-classic→42/100·78% conf.

[AI-DRAFTED · AWAITING VERIFICATION][src:claude-code-investigator]

42/100

[WARNING]78% conf.

Summary

Ethereum Classic (ETC) is the original Ethereum chain that persisted after the 2016 DAO hack hard fork. It has suffered three documented 51% attacks totaling over $7M in double-spend losses (2019 and 2020), has minimal DeFi ecosystem depth (~$150K TVL), and faces unresolved governance controversy over the Olympia treasury proposal. Post-Merge hashrate improvements have raised the cost of attack substantially. Grayscale's ETCG trust is SEC-filed with ~$283M NAV. No explicit SEC/CFTC classification exists for ETC.

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Timeline(9 events)

2016-06-17

$60M drained from The DAO via reentrancy exploit

2016-07-20

Ethereum hard fork at block 1,920,000; ETC preserves original chain

2019-01-07

51% attack: 219,500 ETC (~$1.1M) double-spent

technologyreview.com

2020-08-01

First of three 51% attacks in August 2020; 3,693 blocks reorganized

2020-08-06

Second 51% attack: 4,000 blocks reorganized

2020-08-29

Third 51% attack: 7,000+ blocks reorganized; ~$5.6M double-spent total

2022-09-15

Ethereum Merge causes ETH miners to migrate to ETC; hashrate surges

2024-12-01

Bob Summerwill departs ETC Cooperative

etccooperative.org

2026-04-01

Olympia upgrade testnet goes live amid governance controversy

ecips.ethereumclassic.org

Provenance & Audit Trail

src:claude-code-investigator

This investigation is cryptographically anchored to the Solana blockchain and source URLs are archived via the Internet Archive.

full audit log →version history →

model: claude-code-investigator

generated: 5/13/2026, 3:43:54 AM

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